Taylor Fruzzetti
Express correspondent
HALIFAX — River Herring will be able to return to their native spawning grounds in the Monponsett Ponds this spring, but work will still need to be done in order to improve their journey in years to come.
River Herring or Alewives are an anadromous species – meaning they can exist in both fresh and salt waters, as they migrate up rivers from the sea to spawn. But for approximately 100 years, river herring were unable to access their spawning ground in the Monponsett Ponds due to waterways being blocked.
The river herrings’ journey back to Monponsett began in 2017 when the Carver Cotton Gin Mill Dam on the Sautucket River in East Bridgewater was removed due to the Office of Dam safety determining the dam a hazard according to Jeremy Gillespie a local Halifax conservation activist.
The Carver Cotton Gin Mill was erected in 1842 and blocked the natural passageways for herring to travel upstream. John Fabroski, president emeritus of the Plymouth County League of Sportsmen, fought for the dam’s removal for 17 years.
“Once that dam was removed on the Satucket River, that allowed the herring to get into Robbins Pond,” said Gillespie.
For Diadromous Fisheries Project Leader Brad Chase of the Division of Marine Fisheries, the next step was to create a fish passageway through the Stump Brook Reservoir Dam in East Bridgewater. Chase began talking with the bog owner who owns the dam to install a fish ladder in 2018.
After design and feasibility work, the Division of Marine Fisheries received a grant through the Taunton River Stewardship Council for engineering plans and permitting for the fish ladder, which was installed in the fall of 2023 according to Chase.
“It was one of those restoration targets that was thought to be too difficult way back when, but now it’s a reality,” said Chase. “Once that fishway was in, there was a chance to get the fish up to the Monponsett Ponds.”
According to NOAA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a fish ladder, also known as a fishway, provides a detour route for migrating fish past a particular obstruction on the river. Designs vary … but the general principle is the same: the ladder contains a series of ascending pools that are reached by swimming against a stream of water. Fish leap through the cascade of rushing water, rest in a pool, and then repeat the process until they are out of the ladder.
According to Chase, some river herring will be able to make their way to Monponsett in late March of this year but work to improve culverts at Furnace Street and Elm Street will need to be done. Chase also plans to speak with the City of Brockton, which operates the fishway at Stump Brook Dam, to improve conditions.
“All of those little pieces I think are important,” said Chase. “I think we can make it work this spring but I think a better design is needed there,” said Chase referring to the Stump Brook Dam.
Although river herring are not technically endangered, the population has declined over the years due development threatening their habitats. Both Gillespie and Chase stressed the importance of river herring for the ecosystem and cultural significance.
“Some people call them potato chips- everything eats herring,” said Gillespie. “It will be a big boom for the whole ecosystem.”
“Traditionally, people used to use these fish for food and for bait and that practice has been banned since 2005,” said Chase. “Our agency is hoping to restore the population so people will have access to use these fish again. It’ll be very modest, but hopefully there’ll be a way where people can use this traditional practice and gather food.”
With the return of the river herring, the Town of Halifax is seeking volunteers to restore the Alewife Restoration Committee.